What is the TEMA standard for heat exchangers?

TEMA (Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association) is the global design standard for shell and tube heat exchangers. TEMA-R is the most stringent for petroleum refining, TEMA-C is for general chemical service, and TEMA-B is for chemical process service.

When is a plate heat exchanger better than a shell and tube?

Plate heat exchangers offer 3u20135x higher thermal efficiency per unit area, making them ideal when space is limited, temperature approach is close, or frequent cleaning is required. Shell and tube exchangers are preferred for high pressure, phase-change, or dirty/fouling service.

What materials are used in heat exchangers for chemical industries?

Common materials include carbon steel (non-corrosive service), SS 304/316 (general chemical), SS 316L (chloride environments), titanium (seawater, HCl service), Hastelloy C-276 (aggressive acids), and duplex steel (saline/offshore environments).

What causes fouling in heat exchangers?

Fouling is the accumulation of deposits (scale, biofilm, particulates, corrosion products) on heat transfer surfaces. It reduces efficiency and increases pressure drop. Managed through chemical dosing, mechanical cleaning, CIP, and selecting appropriate tube configurations.

Heat Exchanger Types, Selection & TEMA Standards: Buyer's Guide for Indian Process Industries

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Heat Exchanger Types, Selection & TEMA Standards: Buyer’s Guide for Indian Process Industries

A detailed guide covering shell and tube heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers, spiral heat exchangers, and immersion heaters — with TEMA standards, material selection, thermal efficiency comparison, and procurement tips for Indian process industries.

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